Hunting Isnt Murder

â€Å"Hunting is murder? I think NOT! † 1. Is hunting murder? This is something that people should think about. Many people walk around and believe that hunting is truly murder and think that they are completely right about this. However, I believe strongly that hunting is not murder and I will explain and prove why it is not murder. Murder is defined as: 1. The unlawful killing of one human by another, especially with premeditated malice. (murder,1) 2. To kill brutally or inhumanly. (murder,1) Now looking at these words in these definitions I can prove that hunting can not fall under the category of murder.Unlawful is defined as something that is illegal. (unlawful, 1) Therefore, I can make my first point on how hunting is not illegal. Yes there are times when it can be illegal if people are hunting the wrong time of year or don’t have their license. However, that is not what we are concerned about, when it comes down to it the majority of people who hunt do it legally and if they don’t then they are fined and even in some cases jailed. Next, human is defined as having or showing those positive aspects of nature and character regarded as distinguishing humans from other animals. human, 1) No animals are not human, and yes they are living things, but they are not homo sapiens. I don’t care what people say there is no way you can prove that a deer, goose, duck, or turkey is under the category of a homo sapien.With knowing this I can also state that hunting can therefore not be considered murder by definition. Next in the definition of murder it states that murder is the killing of a human with premeditated malice. Malice is defined as a desire to harm others or to see others suffer; extreme ill will or spite. Malice, 1) Yes, many people like myself hunt as a sport. However, many people don’t realize that we don’t do this because we like to kill and watch animals suffer, but in fact we do this because we love nature and a nimals and we do not want to see them suffer. Hunting is legal as a sport, because the government knows that there are mass populations of animals that need to be made smaller in order to keep the populations strong. The Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act, better known as the Pittman-Robertson Act, was passed by Congress in 1937.Pittman-Robertson placed a Federal excise tax on hunting equipment of many kinds, including guns and ammo (11 percent tax on sporting arms, ammunition, and archery equipment, and a 10 percent tax on handguns). (Category, 1) With the overwhelming support of hunters across the USA, this Act directed that money produced by this additional tax on our gear be used to provide funding for the selection, restoration, rehabilitation and improvement of wildlife habitat, wildlife management research, and the distribution of information produced by the projects.It was later amended (1970) to include funding for hunter training programs and the development, operatio n and maintenance of public target ranges. (Category, 1) Many hunters love and care about the animals they are hunting and do not do it in spite of the animals or to watch them suffer. The last keyword I want to talk about in the definition of murder is to kill brutally. Brutally is defined as extremely ruthless and cruel. I don’t know if people know much about starvation, but I have been taught about how painful of a disease it is to go through.Starved animals are generally emaciated, their fat stores are depleted, their body catabolizes the protein from their muscles, and leaves them in severe pain and anguish. I would have to say that I would much rather have a bullet but through my chest then I would want to have to go through the pain of starvation. As long as there are hunters, we will be able to have control over animal starvation and be able to keep it at a minimum. Many people question me when I tell them I am a hunter and like to go on about how cruel it is and wond er how I am able to kill an innocent animal.I explain that as a hunter I love animals and that is why I hunt. It is tough to convince someone when their mind is already made up, but I like to try. I hunt for many reasons. Some of which are for adventure, the feel of satisfaction of a job well done, the sense of being closer to nature and yes, for the kill. I explain that I hunt for the joy of the hunt. Also, that thousands of years ago hunters told their stories and honored their animals with pictographs. I don’t know if people often use pictographs anymore, but we do the same thing in a different way.Rather than painting on walls, we now mount animals on walls. Like our ancestors, we share the meat with our families and friends. I also know of people who take meat from animals they have hunted and donate it to people in need. Hunting is not something I do to just pass time. Hunting is a way of life for me, and I am just grateful that I am able to enjoy it. Take a look at my reasoning of why I believe hunting can not be considered murder, do you think hunting is murder?Works cited Brutally – Definition of Brutally by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia. † Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus – The Free Dictionary. Jan. -Feb. 2010. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. . Category, By. â€Å"A Discussion of Who Hunters Are and What They Do for Wildlife, Habitat, and Folks Who Don't Even Hunt. † Hunting and Shooting. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. . Human – Definition of Human by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia. † Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus – The Free Dictionary. Jan. -Feb. 2010. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. . Malice – Definition of Malice by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia. † Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus – The Free Dictionary. Jan. -Feb. 2010. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. . Murder – Definition of Murder by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus a nd Encyclopedia. † Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus – The Free Dictionary. Jan. -Feb. 2010. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. . Unlawful – Definition of Unlawful by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia. † Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus – The Free Dictionary. Jan. -Feb. 2010. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. .

Financial Outcomes Paper

Struck Japan it already did not own for $914 million† (Derrick, 2014, Para 2). Struck acceptance of this offer can result in three potential financial outcomes; increased revenue from sales, changes in cost of goods sold, and changes in expenses. Based on Stardust's historical annual growth trends in the China/Asia markets, the most likely financial outcome of Stardust's transition to full ownership sis 15% increase in revenues. This may or may not be accompanied by with the most likely scenario of a 5% decrease in their cost of goods sold, and a 5% decrease in their expenses. Scenario AnalysisScenario analysis is about understanding what can happen when things change within a firm. Analysis will assist Struck in understanding how their buy out of their Struck Japan partnership can affect their business overall, and assist them with understanding the financial risks involved in their venture. Standard deviation of past results can assist to construct an idea of what will happen in the future, however when taking on a brand new venture unforeseen obstacles may appear. Analyzing Struck' revenue from years 201 1 through 2014, it is discovered that the standard deviation is . 45, and that the deviation in their growth percentages over the same time frame is 1. 907. These are good signs that Struck is doing well as they continue to develop new products and expand across the globe, as the standard deviation figures reflect an increase in revenue growth. Typically, scenario analysis is based on three ratings, worst-case scenario, most likely, and best-case scenario. Although it is important to understand and define other possible scenarios, improbable events should not be used because they would not result in an accurate analysis.By using extreme scenarios, such as the worst and best-case scenarios, which show the most negative and most positive, respective results, companies such as Struck can test their theories and mitigate any potential risks that they may e ncounter. Revenue Revenue analysis will help Struck understand one of the key variables that affects their business performance. Comparing current sales to previous periods provides Struck of a quick understanding of how their business is trending.Struck has seen continued growth year over year since 2011, and this positive trend provides them with insight into how well their traceries are performing. New strategies, such as growth into Japan, can be made with confidence when the business is trending positively, and previous expansions have been well received. One of the fastest growing investments for Struck is China/Asia Pacific. â€Å"Struck expects to see 16 percent to 18 percent revenue growth during fiscal 2015. Excluding the Japan impact, revenue growth is expected to be consistent with the company's previous target of 10 percent plus revenue growth† (Derrick, 2014, Para 5).The financial effect of increases or decreases in revenue from sales is substantial, specially c onsidering the high volume of transactions Struck completes internationally on a daily basis. The most likely scenario for sales growth with Struck Japan buy out is 15%. The figure is based on the growth rate of Struck since 201 1, which averages at 14%. A 15% increase in sales, With cost of goods sold and expenses constant, will result in over 1. 5 billion dollars in income for 201 5, an increase of over 30% from the previous year.The best-case scenario would result in a 20% increase in sales, and nearly 60% increase in income. In the worst-case event that Struck sales drop 5%, the many would still realize a profit. Although a decrease in revenue is unlikely considering Struck continued growth, it is a possibility as political and socio-economic changes occur around the globe. Cost of goods sold The cost of goods sold is associated with the cost of any raw materials used to produce and market Struck coffee, but does not include any indirect expenses.The cost of goods sold is an imp ortant part of a businessWith full control over Struck Japan, Struck may be able to implement a number of initiatives that would work towards reducing their cost of goods sold, such as better quality control, more effective product assortment, and reduced waste. A 5% crease in will result in a nearly 1. 2 billion decrease in cost of goods sold, which will positively affect the company's gross income. A decrease in cost of goods sold may also be a challenge, depending on how Scabby has conducted their half of the business in the past.The China and Asia Pacific region of the world operates much differently than its Western counterparts, and Struck may face ethical business challenges, as it is unknown as to how Scabby partnered with suppliers and other vendors. Struck may see costs rise if they are unable to store, ship, and promote their product as effectively s they had when in partnership. Expenses Expenses normally react to relative changes in sales, however with Struck vast distr ibution channels and vendor relationships, they may be able to lower their expenses even as they expand to new regions such as Japan.Variable expenses, such as fees such as transportation, and credit card commission fees will increase as new stores pop up and consumer purchasing increases. Fixed expenses, such as employee salaries, benefits, property and income taxes, and utility costs will also increase as Struck expands, however, since they are buying out existing locations and not looking to build new ones, these expenses may not vary greatly from the previous year. Expenses such as income tax may play a significant role in Struck income as they gain more stores in Japan and the China/Asia Pacific region.Analysis has suggested that changes could be in the range of 15%, considering increases and decreases in expenses, with a Worst-case scenario of expenses increasing by 5%, to the most optimistic scenario of a 10% decrease. Expenses will primarily come in the form of costs to impr ove UAPITA, taxes, and payroll. A consideration that is not taken into account for the most likely and optimistic scenarios is that customary increase in revenue that normally accompanies and increase in expenses.Expenses such as payroll and capital improvements can be associated with company expansion and the need for more employees, assuming that expansion is a result of consumer wants and needs, which will then increase revenue. Conclusion Struck over the years have proved themselves to be an organization that thrives year after year. Just in the last decade their revenue has increased by almost 150% (Mornings, 2015). Their passion to bring a connection to everyone they see and do business with has made them into the largest roaster and retailer of specialty coffee the world has ever known. Struck, which opened its first store outside of North America in Toss's Gina district nearly 20 years ago, said it expects the deal to immediately add to its results, excluding certain items. The transactions are expected to be fully completed in the first half of calendar 2015†³ (Beckmann, 2014, par a. 6). Its expanded investment with China/ Pacific-Asia and the acquisition of Struck Japan will also prove to be a success because not only do they want to expand their business, but more importantly they want to do it the right way to fulfill their mission in helping the world become a little better one neighborhood at a time.

Public Policy in the American Government Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Public Policy in the American Government - Essay Example From this study it is clear that after consideration of the various policy solutions, the federal government makes the decision on the best possible policy and may pass a law for the adoption of this new policy. A policy may be adopted following an executive order or after an important ruling by the Supreme Court. The next stage is the implementation process that is determined by the federal administrative agencies tasked with this process. An implementation may also involve punishment for failing to adhere to the set policy. The last stage in policy formulation is the evaluation stage where different agencies involved in policy making determine whether implementation has been successfully carried out. This stage may also involve much debate on whether the implementation has been successful or not and it may form the basis of another policy formulation.This discussion declares that  a particular interest group that will later on lobby the government to address the problem through p olicy formation may identify a problem. Once the problem is brought into the political domain, it becomes a political issue.  During the definition of a problem, conflict arises as different groups define the problem in ways that the policy is likely to suit their interests. Also, identification of the problem will be in such a way that the particular interest group will have control over the decision makers in agenda setting.  

Week 5 refrace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Week 5 refrace - Essay Example In an organization, especially an account’s practice such as mine, leaders and disciples often trade places several times a day. In some cases, such an arrangement is referred to as distributed leadership. Across the board, the traits of authenticity, coupled with the dispositions of integrity and fidelity that vary between individuals, form the basic principles in the pursuit of conceptualizing good in my organization (this conclusion was drawn after rigorous action research (AR) that took form of interviews of members in informal settings conducted during the course of my dissertation module). Ben-Yoav, Hollander, and Carnevale (1983) discussed argumentatively the difference authenticity makes to a movement initiated by a member who aims to promulgate relationship building between members or project an action within the member community of the organization. The followers, in order to assist with the protagonist’s motion, must witness for themselves the goodness of his intent in order to be willing to follow and subsequently play their role as supporters when the situation leads to that. The focus of my paper is to assess the legitimacy of this statement. The aim is to highlight the ethical frameworks which develop into principles which help direct the participants to collaborate amongst themselves, as opposed to defining the ‘inside’ groups and the outside collaborators which proved deceptively hard to completely define. Thus, the underlying qualities of a leader were assessed in light of ethical and moral justness. In order to achieve this, the focus has been primarily placed on the communicative bridge called leader authenticity, a concept that dictates the flow of conscience amongst members which then enables them to follow their leader’s word (widely believed by the majority to be the best way to incite support and action with the prevailing cultural norms, subject to unforeseen changes). This notion translates to the fol lowing understanding,

Assignment - Intervention and Assistive Technology

- Intervention and Assistive Technology - Assignment Example In years past, however, it often took a great deal of time before a child was tested for disabilities, and then even more time to properly diagnose the disability and create an individual education plan designed to help the student get back on track academically and socially. This is time wasted that can never be claim. In addition, students are all to often incorrectly diagnosed as having a disability, creating a stigma that is long lasting and causing academic and social difficulties for the student. Response to Intervention (RTI) is that methodology that seeks to solve this issue. The aim of RTI is to provide testing and services to students with disabilities as quickly as possible in an effort to get valuable rehabilitation services set in motion. This paper seeks to explain the process and its importance on the field of education, particularly in the area of special education. Summary of Response to Intervention In essence, response to intervention (RTI) is â€Å"a multilayered system that can prevent academic and social failure before a student is unnecessarily or prematurely identified as having a disability† (Beard, Carpenter, & Johnston, 2011, p. 28). Children today suffer from enough pressure that educators should be cautious about adding to that. Often times, young people have difficulty learning, but they cannot express what they are feeling. While it is important, as professional educators, to intervene and strive to provide any assistance necessary, it is equally important that the child not feel singled out and threatened. Response to Intervention is designed to improve the process by which students with disabilities are tested, diagnosed, and educated. Simply put, RTI is designed to provide needed assistance to students who are having difficulty learning. Response to Intervention is a methodology that dictates this intervention is to be provided as early as possible and in a systematic manner. The goal is to provide help to students that will enable them to succeed academically, rather than failing because certain learning disabilities go undiagnosed. This is accomplished not only through early intervention, but also through frequent progress updates, and by providing researching-based interventions that are meant to help children who continue to experience difficulty learning. In the early days of diagnosing learning disabilities, the focus was on comparing IQ test scores with academic achievement. If there were a discrepancy noted, then children would be further tested to determine if they have some special needs that needed to be accommodated. The problem with this method was that it could take years to let this strategy run its course, during which time the child would likely continue to fail academically and become increasingly frustrated. In order to shorten the time required to intervene and provide children with much needed assistance, RTI was developed in an effort to quickly locate a specific learning disa bility much more quickly than the previous model allowed for. In addition, RTI fits well within the parameters of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004. Educators must be careful, however, when using RTI to ensure that they are truly identifying students who have learning disabilities, and not simply labeling children as such because they are low achievers. The two are not necessarily related, and improperly

Gender division of labor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Gender division of labor - Essay Example This has in many occasions led to family breakdowns. This is because men consider themselves more important than women hence looking down on them and giving them no chance at all in decision making (Cohen, 2004). Their suggestions and thoughts are suppressed hence being subjected to oppression. Therefore, this causes a lot of tension in societies between men and women where women think that they have been denied access to their rights. Since women engage more in unpaid roles at home, it gives them a lesser bargaining power against their male counterparts who earn hence in most cases providing for the family needs. Quite often, the idea of gender based division of labor causes chaos, more so in the civilized world where women are in pursuit for gender equality. Women consider themselves just as much effective as men, and that they should be allowed do the rest of the chores. This desire has been accelerated by education; education has now been advocated for all. Modern technology also makes it a lot easier for women to do work that was considered complicated for them. According to Cohen (2004), this has been a bold step towards economic developments in most societies. To him, a shared responsibility is effective for a society to develop. He views an economically empowered woman as a tool to development in that they can generate enough income to keep their families going, making it a shared responsibility between wives and husbands. However, most men view this as a woman’s tool to fight them hence always disregarding the idea, and as a result, it leads to disagreements among the involved parties. Also, there is yet another point of contemplation; property ownership. Property ownership is an idea that has spark different views in different societies. In most cultures, owning of property is a man’s thing. In his view, Cohen (2004), social cultural beliefs belittle the fact that women can in any circumstances own property. Women are considered weak and with no sufficient knowledge to manage property. It is often an abomination for them to acquire or inherit property, especially so, land. According to Kergoat & Othmer (2005), extremely few women have had the privilege to own property in comparison to their men counterparts. Commonly, many families have their family possessions registered in the husbands’ names, which are in return given full powers to make any decisions concerning the property. Low percentages of married couples have joint properties (Kergoat & Othmer, 2005). Therefore, women feel left out and oppressed. They often desire to be treated equally with the men, to be considered able to handle what men can handle. This causes unrest in the society because women feel suppressed and deprived of access to their rights. On the hand, men view them as less influential in decision making and threats to the powers set upon them. However, Kergoat puts in his view that women and men should have equal opportunities to prop erty ownership. Most constitutions and power changes are now empowering women to own property. A property right in regard to women is fast coming up, being viewed as a great boost to societal economic upgrade. Women are now finding their way up in the ladder to equality. However, this is being viewed as an abuse to men and cultural beliefs hence it is not being easily

Governmental Crimes Research paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Governmental Crimes - Research Paper Example The increasing rates of governmental crimes are often neglected by the policymakers intentionally or unintentionally. It should be noted that governmental crimes do not only involve the national constituencies where nation faces the influences but it also crosses the borders and creates transnational influences (Rothe et al., 2006). This paper focuses on the discussion of governmental crimes, the implications of such crimes and their scope. It also recommends various ways to curb the issue of governmental crimes. The conventional crimes have been widely considered by the scholars, researchers, governments, policymakers, law enforcers, social workers and public representatives. The impact of such exposure and importance given to conventional crimes may be a factor which resulted in huge reduction of those crimes. However, the governmental crimes are often neglected by the authorities as well as the public (Rothe & Mullins, 2006). The reason may be lack of knowledge among general publi c but the impact of governmental crimes is larger and more extensive than conventional crimes. The influence of exposure to conventional crimes and increasing pressure by media, public and other groups influenced the policymakers and regulatory bodies to divert their attention towards resolving the conventional crime issues. ... The 20th century governmental crime incidents are real life examples of the effects this ignorance has caused. The Nazi Germany, Maoist China and many other such events which had devastating impacts on people, society and the states. Genocidal actions (in case of Bosnia and Rwanda) of tribunals were one of the major steps taken to curb the issue of governmental or state crimes in the late 20th century. The matters associated with Afghanistan, Iraq, Palestine etc. also gave rise to the objection on the massive usage of mass destruction weapons. There are many opponents of America, Israel and other nations who qualify these states as criminal due to the policies and activities that led to the invasion of less powerful states. All these cases are clearly lack of controlled authority over the actions of nations involved and had transnational effects. However, there are a few criminologists who sought these issues as worth mentioning and debated on them (Mathew & Kauzlarich, 2007). Govern mental Crimes should be debated about and controlled for the reason that Governments are generally believed to enact and impose laws. They are responsible to maintain a sound law and order situation and prevent crimes in the state. The body that is responsible to prevent crimes from occurring should not be involved in that act itself. The history of governmental or state crimes is old enough to associate it with the emergence of states themselves. Chambliss () asserted during the presidential lecture almost twenty years back and claimed that economic and political well being is so important to the states and governments that they often go beyond the borders set by them in the form of laws and regulations. The basic theme was to put forward the idea of violating one’s own laws

Career fair assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Career fair - Assignment Example It has also been known as Applebee’s Services, Inc. and it functions as the largest casual-dining restaurant chain in the world. Products: As Applebee’s functions in the restaurant industry, its theme mainly spots on a type of casual dining of food with conventional American cuisine comprising of salads, sea food such as shrimps, chicken, pasta and its signature dish, ‘riblets’. All Applebee’s restaurants contain a bar division which serve alcoholic drinks but this addition pertains to places only where it is permissible by law. According to the official website of Applebee’s, currently there are more than 1,990 Applebee’s restaurants functioning under the system in around 49 states, 15 international countries and one U. S. territory. Moreover, there are approximately 28,000 employees working under the system of Applebee’s (Applebee’s 2012). Every company faces controversies in its going concern, so has Applebee’s. Some instances include it under a forced arbitration issue when it violated the Arbitration Fairness Act in 2009 and it banned its employees to sue the company under any circumstances. This was reported by The Huffington Post on February 11, 2009. Another issue pertains to side-work payment of compensation by the company under which it was sued and this continues since 2006 regarding hourly payment of wages to servers to work for non-serviced labor. The website as a source of information for its users comprising of prospective employees and other general users is quite appropriate but it has to be enhanced for friendly user viewing. There should be a translation factor installed on the website of the company for non-English user and the absence of a proper mission statement and a vision should be taken care of as this is quite of a basic information conveyance to users. Old Navy is an

Notion Of Houses Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Notion Of Houses - Essay Example As an initial matter, the concept upon which I place the greatest value is education. Without an education, without knowledge and experience, I am what my father refers to as an empty house. Education, as my personal value, is not intended to be defined too narrowly; quite the contrary, I envision education as encompassing facts and experiences. It is learning how to socialize with different kinds of people as well as learning about facts. It is as much about learning about my limitations, whether physical or emotional, as well as learning about philosophies and the hard sciences. Curiosity is one of my motivations and a desire to live my life purposefully is another. We learn every day if we are aware of the opportunities, and in this way, education is something which permeates our lives. I can't think of a greater value to be passionate about.Related to my choice of education as my greatest value is my continuing passion to learn in different settings. To be sure, most people assoc iate education with formal educational settings. They think of desks, and classrooms, and exams. This is certainly one type of learning setting but is hardly the only set of which I am passionate about. My passion is to visit lakes and ponds, to examine artifacts and relics in museums, and to meet people both young and old. Each experience furnishes the house to which my father alluded, making it more beautiful and complete, and I view broad experiences as a passion to be pursued and indulged in with passion.

The movie A Beautiful Mind Essay Example for Free

The movie A Beautiful Mind Essay The movie is titled â€Å"A Beautiful Mind† and the psychological disorder that is depicted in it is schizophrenia. In the movie, the main character is Josh Nash is depicted as being schizophrenic in the following ways. In one instance, he is revealed as being able to hear voices that other people could not hear. This voices are seen as controlling agents of the actions he does. The voices in the movie control his thoughts and to some extend seem like they want to harm him. His behavior is quiet terrifying to the people around Nash. The depiction of psychological disorder of schizophrenia is a true picture of the condition as it occurs in real life. Another symptom of the disorder that was evident in the movie is the fact the sitting for several hours without any movement or speech. Nash had bout where he could not move or speak for a lot of hours. This is the typical behavior of schizophrenic people. He seemed fine most of the time but as soon as he made a revelation of what was on his mind people were shocked on what was going on in his mind. The portrayal of an individual with schizophrenic disorder in the movie â€Å"A Beautiful Mind† was indeed a realistic portrayal of the disorder CITATION Bus03 l 1033 ( Buss Buss, 2003). My reaction after viewing the movie is that schizophrenia is a psychological disorder that affects families and societies in general. The people who are diagnosed with this condition find it quiet difficult to live a normal life as they rely so much on other people to help them in their daily activities. The only solution to it is by coping with the symptoms of the disease. References BIBLIOGRAPHY Buss, E. H., Buss, A. H. (2003). Schizophrenia: Seven Approaches. Transaction Publishers. Source document

Benefits of ICT in Early Childhood Education

Benefits of ICT in Early Childhood Education ANGELINE T. TAGARIRA CHILDCARE AT HOME Question 1 Explain the seven types of skills that children may develop as a result of using ICT. One of the most important ways we can help children whilst playing with them in a child care setting is through h setting up simple activities to help them develop multiple skills and abilities. ICT is part of the children’s world today and it is relevant in developing different types of skills children need in their lives. In this essay seven types of skills which children develop as a result of ICT will be cited and explained. Fine motor skills Fine motor skills are movements and actions of the muscles and they are categorised in two groups. Fine motor skills are the small movements that occur in the hands, wrists, fingers, toes, lips and the tongue. These are the smaller movements that occur like: picking up and object between the thumb and finger, using the mouse to click, or select an object or shape, holding a pencil to write, holding a fork and using it to eat and other small tasks that occur every day. According to the study materials ICT requires many precision movements. Therefore children will develop fine motor skills to accurately control the mouse, clicking and dragging a cursor to select or highlight items of texts. Fine motor skills is about small muscle movement in coordination with the eyes however fine motor skills do not develop in isolations from other skills. Gross motor skills Gross motor skills involve the movement of the arms, legs, feet or the entire body. This includes actions like running, crawling, walking, swimming and other activities which involve larger muscles. According to the study materials, Gross motor skills can be enhanced when children use the white board to record things, as they stretch and touch various parts of the white board and also using larger pens to write on the screen. Creative development As a child minder with a purpose for children’s learning when providing ICT lessons my priority has to be to provide software they will use to learn through expiration. Employing elements of play, exploring alternative approaches will help children to employ imaginative thinking thereby developing their creativity. Children will play around with colours and graphics, dragging and dropping items onto the screen. Mathematical development Computers offer dynamic visual images that open up some areas of mathematical development in children. The use of ICT has a great impact on how mathematics can be taught to children. The use of easy mathematical teaching software will encourage children. The programmes will aid children and offer them opportunities to match shapes and carry out simple mathematical bonds as they play and learn at the same time. Computer graphics allow children to share mental images and patterns of structures. Counting images or icons on the home screen will assist develop early mathematical skills like numbers, shapes, size, quantity and patterns. Language development ICT should not only be computer based. It is important to develop an integrated, holistic and valid approach which will encourage children to develop their language. Such skills as listening, memory, expressing thoughts, ideas and feelings are gained. Children develop awareness that printed words have meaning. Children are able to use the key board to write simple words and their names. Increase in confidence ICT can be helpful and interesting if used in the right place and right way. Children under five have an uncanny knack of learning to master new technology. Children prefer to be left alone with things like smart phones, tablet computers, games consoles and use their intuition to confidently swipe screens and press buttons. Screens can be beneficial to learning and the more children are left to interact independently the more they develop in confidence. Heather Kirkorian carried out a research study and she says touch screens could hold educational potential for toddlers. She quotes; â€Å"Kids who are interacting with the screen get better, much faster, make few mistakes and learn faster.† Online environments can provide children with a virtual space to develop confidence. Good. Increase in world knowledge Children have to appreciate that modern technology is around to stay so be able to use the sense of investigation and exploration to develop their skills of observing. They should also appreciate that ICT resources speed different jobs and they are needed in home environment. Social skills In a child care setting where these resources are limited children develop social skills like sharing and team work as they do projects in groups. A lot of communication goes on as children work on their projects. They develop a sense of tolerating one another in all aspects of life. A good explanation of the skills that can be developed through using ICT materials and equipment. 756 words Question 2 Construct a booklet which can be issued to parents which identifies safety concerns for children using ICT and how these concerns are being addressed in a child care setting. Little Busy Bees Child Care Welcome to the little busy bees child care We meet Mondays to Saturdays from 08:00 to 18:00. We focus on different activities to entertain children from nine months of age to school going age. We offer companionship for children whose parents have busy lives and other commitments during the day time. We offer ICT skills from 14:00-16:00 every day. If you are interested in ICT skills only please do come and register your child. ICT is run by committed and knowledgeable members of staff. What Happens? The group is very informal but does have a basic structure. Children choose from a range of different activities provided on the software. Children are free to browse through and get to what interests them for we believe by so doing children develop confidence and various skills of using information technology. Children are then introduced to different educational structures with time while maintaining the feeling of play so as to capture their interest. Safety First It is the utter most responsibility of this child minding setting to provide and to make sure that the children using ICT are protected online as well as from a health and safety point of view in the physical setting. Children are grouped according to their age range and exposure to internet offered at home. Provisions for safe internet practice are offered to safe guard the children from accessing inappropriate materials and images and also against cyber bullying. Round the clock support is offered at all times by staff that closely monitor children, making that the children are not accessing inappropriate materials. During this period children will be exposed to computers, laptops, Nintendos, iPods, mobile phones, play stations and X box. However some of these items are toys, real items are limited so there will be days when children cannot access certain items and have to try different ones or play with toy ones. These items are monitored for inappropriate use to ensure that the children are protected from any danger. If you have any suggestions of how children can learn in a safe ICT environment any ideas are most welcome. The safety of the children is a priority. Our Aims To help children build upon the experiences they bring from home To assist children to acquire and develop practical skills required in ICT To support children to use ICT with confidence To develop an understanding of care and respect while using ICT 404 words Question 3 Identify and describe the various ways in which ICT can be used to support Early Years Foundation Stage Curriculum. Reference should be made of the various types of ICT available, not just computers Today children need a level of competency more than just functional skills to use ICT as life needs them to understand and use ICT naturally without fear of failing. Even young children in a child minding setting think digitally and they always take creative risks with technology. They need to learn how to approach these powerful forms of technology. ICT has to be included in their curriculum in various forms. Children attending my Child Care setting should be able to use ICT and programmable toys to support their learning. It is not only learning about technology, children need to be using it to support their development. Technology used well can excite and motivate children. It offers teachers the opportunity to promote skills and observe progress across all six areas of learning and development. The use of electronic forms of communication can provide children with a variety of opportunities to read and write. Children can be exposed to role playing whereby customers send orders through emails and others respond to these emails. Children can be exposed to different toys that say words, letters and stories. They can listen to these and retell the stories or say the words thereby improving their language as well as literacy. Children also improve their communication as they play in groups for example doing jigsaws and role playing. They can compare shapes or objects and describe them using words like big, small, long, short as well as colours. Good. Numeracy or mathematical concepts are part of everyday life and these include counting , matching, sorting, sequencing, making connections, understanding number values, recognising shapes and understanding number values. It is important for a child minder to provide a positive and enjoyable mathematical experience as the children’s mathematical development will depend on them becoming confident and competent with a wide range of experiences. Children can be exposed to remote control toys to gain more confidence. They love toys that they can control and remote-controlled or programmable toys will be fascinating to them. Once the children have explored the remote toys and can use them confidently, they will need an environment for the toys to move about. Working together to create the environment will be a challenge in itself. Once children have had a good experience of using remote-controlled toys they can explore programmable toys. Children don’t need to work out how to program sequences of instructions; they just need to work out how to make the toy move. The programmable toy can usually move distances which are multiples of its own length, and can only turn right angles or multiples thereof. The creation of an environment and making the programmable toy move will demand the use of mathematical ideas and methods to solve practical problems. Using or interacting on the computer or white board, sorting different coloured shapes sequencing them from small to big numbers will also help. Children should be given opportunities to transfer their learning from one toy to another. Investing in digital cameras can be a good thing as they’re arguably one of the most powerful resources available to an early years setting. Photographs can be used to send clear messages to both children and their parents/carers. When child minders consistently take photographs of the children’s activities sending them to parents/carers, it confirms that they valu e and want to celebrate learning and if recorded over time it also confirms that they value and want to celebrate children’s progress. Children should know where they are kept, how to use them safely, and that they should always return them after use. Video cameras can be used to film children whilst they are learning and if this film is reviewed with the children it gives them the opportunity to reflect on their learning and explain their thinking, enabling child minders to have a clearer understanding of the child. A simple hand-held digital microscope offers children the opportunity to explore objects and living things in microscopic detail. This can be used to talk about and compare different things. Children will develop a curiosity and interest in features of living things and will be encouraged to describe and talk about what they see and to look closely at similarities and differences. Using a computer mouse to navigate requires children to engage in activities requiring hand-eye coordination and use a one-handed tool whilst having fun. Children will need the mouse to be an appropriate size, about half the size of a standard mouse. Using smaller mice designed for use with laptops will fit perfectly under a child’s hand. Children need to be encouraged to use community playthings, hollow blocks to build a tracks for remote-controlled or programmable toys, thereby lifting and moving the equipment safely. In this way they will develop and show awareness of space, of themselves and of o ther as well as physical development. (Guidance for the Early Years Foundation Stage, DCFS (2008)) 813 Words Question 4 Identify the ways in which families can become involved in ICT, including in particular the ways in which Child care settings can promote its use. Communication with children and their families is essential in early childhood learning. ICT has opened up new opportunities for child minders to share children’s progress with families. The use of the Internet for communication is continually expanding in homes. Increasingly, families using my childcare services might be familiar with technologies such as email, Skype, and social networking sites such as Facebook. These are the cultural tools (Rogoff 2003) used to keep in touch with extended family and friends. Therefore it is important to add ICT to my communication toolkit as this is another way of valuing the experiences children bring from home to the child care setting and vice-versa. I believe children’s learning is fostered when communication with parents/carers is actively maintained. ICT increases the options available for communicating with parents. Digital technologies incorporate a range of graphic and multimedia functions that appeal to both children and adults alike. Things like images and photographs can reduce language barriers. They can also communicate information to parents about their child which the child may not be able to relate. Parents might get excited after leaving their child for the first time and while at work they check their email and find a photo of their child relaxed and engaged with other children. It is unlikely that pictures of other children will be sent to a parent, for confidentiality reasons. It’s quick and easy as pictures can be sent by email or posted on blog minutes after they are taken. Also attaching electronic record sheets and electronic news letters will be exciting for parents to read about what their ch ildren spend time doing. However not all parents are computer literate it will be a great gesture to discuss with such parents and advise them on the different courses offered free in their community. Offering to communicate with parents though emails will be a big step to encouraging every parent to have an email. 303 words BIBLIOGRAPHY Bradshaw,J.( 2005). The Wellbeing of Children in the UK (2nd Edition) London: Sage. Rugoff, B. (2003). The Cultural Nurture of Human Development New York: Oxford University Press. Klein, S.P.1996). Early Intervention: Cross cultural Experiences with Mediational Approach. New York: Garland. Kress, G. (2003) Literacy in the New Media Age. London: Routledge. Scottish Government (2008) Getting it Right for Every child. Practice Guidance for the Early Years Foundation Stage, DCFS (2008) Open study college Resource materials www.surestart.org www.rachelager.co.uk http://www.becta.org.uk www.ofsted.gov.uk/resources/framework-for-school-inspection 1